India stands at a pivotal juncture in its quest for sustainable energy solutions. As the demand for power rises and concerns over fossil fuel reliance intensify, biofuels emerge as a promising alternative. This burgeoning sector attracts investments from both domestic and international players, with leading companies at the forefront of innovation.

Nanoparticles possess unique optical properties that have sparked considerable interest in their application for diverse technological sectors. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a particular class of nanomaterials, exhibit the remarkable ability to convert near-infrared photons into visible light. This phenomenon has unlocked vast possibilities i